PAVE Training Module 3

Section outline

• It is vital to align your mainstreaming of gender within your community-level P/CVE initiatives to those at the national and global levels to ensure you are being as effective and coherent as possible for policy and programmatic coherence. This includes complementing the existing frameworks that exist to promote a greater mutual understanding across discrete P/CVE and policy and practitioner communities. Partners within P/CVE initiatives should also ensure that women’s rights are not undermined by security sector agencies that improperly prioritize P/CVE/ and security outcomes at the expense of the protection of women’s human rights. Gender-sensitive P/CVE policies and practices, together with international frameworks, can facilitate gender responsive approaches to disengagement, reintegration and rehabilitation of members of violent extremist and terrorist organizations.

  One of the most important international frameworks to align with is the Women Peace and Security Agenda – (UN Security Council Resolution 1325 on Women, Peace and Security), a resolution that was unanimously passed on 31 October 2000. It is one of the most important international mandates covering the full and equal participation of women in all peace and security initiatives and the mainstreaming of gender issues in the context of armed conflict, peacebuilding and reconstruction processes. 

  The WPS Resolution represented the first recognition by the UN Security Council of the distinct roles and experiences of women in different phases of conflict, its resolution and its long-term management. The Resolution also emphasizes the increased effectiveness and practical security policies and activities associated with the incorporation of women during all phases of conflict.

  Watch this Women, Peace and Security Explainer Video. 

  Source:  Inter-Parliamentary Union. “Women, peace and security.” 2020. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=M-d5xRjIDt4.
  

  Since the passage of UNSCR 1325, seven additional resolutions related to women’s inclusion in peace and security and P/CVE have been passed. In 2015, the UN Security Council adopted UNSCR 2242, which encourages UN agencies and member states to: 

  • Conduct and gather gender-sensitive research and data collection on the drivers of radicalization for women. 
  • Consider the impacts of counter-terrorism strategies on women’s human rights and women’s organizations. 
  • Develop targeted and evidence-based policy and programming responses involving women. 
  • Ensure the participation and leadership of women and women’s organizations in developing P/CVE strategies. 
  • Integrate gender aspects when addressing the drivers and impact of violent extremism.

  Following UNSCR 2242, the UN Secretary-General adopted a “Plan of Action to Prevent Violent Extremism” in 2016, which explicitly calls for advancing gender perspectives and gender equality when framing P/CVE and terrorism prevention responses, including within governments, the security sector, and civil society. 

  To watch the presentation of the 2016 Plan of Action, watch here: https://www.un.org/counterterrorism/plan-of-action-to-prevent-violent-extremism
  

  
  

  Photo Source: UNOCT. “Plan of Action to Prevent Violent Extremism.” 2016. https://www.un.org/counterterrorism/plan-of-action-to-prevent-violent-extremism.
  

  In December 2017, the UN Security Council adopted Resolutions 2395 and 2396 both of which contained strong language on integrating gender and the roles of women, in operative paragraphs. Resolution 2396 included specific considerations of the needs and roles of women in relation to returning and relocating foreign terrorist fighters. The same year, the General Assembly’s 5th review resolution (A/RES/70/291) of the United Nations Global Counter-Terrorism Strategy (GCTS) called on Member States to highlight the important counter-terrorism and prevention of violent extremism roles of women. Women’s roles and involvement in P/CVE was also highlighted during the sixth review of the UN Global Counter-terrorism Strategy in 2018. 

  Although relatively new in terms of promoting and encouraging the integration of gender aspects (women-specific) in P/CVE efforts, many government-led strategic documents, national actions plans, planning frameworks, and programs and initiatives, as well as civil society driven initiatives, have arisen in response to both UNSCR 1325 and UNSCR 2242. It is important to note that all PAVE-focused countries have a National Action Plan on Women, Peace and Security. Furthermore, most PAVE-focused countries also have strategies advancing UNSCR 2242. 

  For more information on how to make National Action Plans to prevent violent extremism more inclusive, check out ICAN’s “10 Steps to Designing and Implementing Inclusive National Action Plans to Prevent Violent Extremism,”: https://icanpeacework.org/2018/05/10-steps-designing-implementing-inclusive-national-action-plans-prevent-violent-extremism/.
  

  
  

  Photo Source: Fransen, Rosalie. “To Address Extremisms in the New Decade, Do What the Women Say.” October 19, 2022. ICAN. https://icanpeacework.org/2022/10/to-address-extremisms-in-the-new-decade-do-what-the-women-say/.
  

  For example, the Kosovo Action Plan for Implementation of the Strategy on Prevention of Violent Extremism and Radicalism Leading to Terrorism (2015-2020), spells out specific P/CVE activities. These include the objectives and institutions tasked with increasing women’s involvement in P/CVE efforts in awareness-raising campaigns, training, and dialogue across government institutions, communities, municipalities, women, youth and religious networks, law enforcement entities and with NGOs. In the MENA region, Lebanon has a National Action Plan on Preventing Violent extremism, which includes an objective around understanding gender sensitivity in PVE programming and has an entire pillar dedicated to gender equality and empowering women. This also aligns with Lebanon’s National Action Plan on 1325, which specifically identifies the promotion of women’s role in PVE efforts as a strategic priority area.

  
  

  Photo Source:  Office of the Prime Minister, Republic of Kosovo. “Strategy on Prevention of Violent Extremism and Radicalisation Leading to Terrorism 2015-2020.” September 2015. https://hope-radproject.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/12/Kosovo-Strategy-on-Prevention-of-Violent-Extremism-and-Radicalisation-Leading-to-Terrorism-2015-2020.pdf.
  

  
  

  Photo Source: Presidency of the Council of Ministers. “National Strategy for Preventing Violent Extremism.” 2018. http://pvelebanon.org/Resources/PVE_English.pdf.
  

How to Gender Mainstream Your P/CVE Efforts

Jump to... Main learning site Welcome to Training Module 3 PAVE Consortium Session 1 Objectives and Expected Results What does Inclusivity Mean in the Context of P/CVE? But What Does Power Have to Do With it? Balancing Power Part 1: Gender Understanding the Gendered Push and Pull Factors The Critical Role of Women Within P/CVE Efforts What Did the PAVE Project Discover Regarding Gender? Balancing Power Part 2: Youth The Critical Role of Youth Within P/CVE efforts and Push and Pull Factors What Did the PAVE Project Discover Regarding Youth Balancing Power Part 3: Marginalized Communities The Critical Role of Marginalized Communities Within P/CVE Efforts and Push and Pull Factors What Did the PAVE Project Discover Regarding the Impact of Violent Extremism on Marginalized Communities? Additional Resources for Session 1 Session 2 Objectives and Goals How to Gender Mainstream Your P/CVE Efforts How to Incorporate a Youth Perspective Within Your P/CVE Efforts How to Connect Your Intergenerational P/CVE Efforts to the National and Global Levels How to Apply An Intersectional Perspective to Your P/CVE Efforts How to Connect the Intersectional Aspects of Your P/CVE Efforts to the National and Global Levels Your Inclusivity Checklist Additional Resources for Session 2 Session 3 Objectives and Goals Key Considerations for Building Multi-stakeholder Collaboration and Trust Guidelines for a Successful Dialogue Community Dialogue Around Advancing Inclusivity Within Your P/CVE Efforts Additional Resources for Session 3 Print Your Course Certificate

How to Incorporate a Youth Perspective Within Your P/CVE Efforts